The economic rivalry between the United States (US) and China will continue to influence the global banking industry in 2025, with significant implications for financial systems worldwide. Under the leadership of President Donald Trump, the US is pursuing trade protectionism, deregulation and tax incentives aimed at revitalising domestic industries and reinforcing its financial dominance. Meanwhile, President Xi Jinping’s focus on expanding China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and enhancing the global use of the renminbi (RMB) underscores the nation’s ambition to reshape international finance.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projects US gross domestic product (GDP) growth at 2.7% in 2025, while China is expected to expand by 4.6%, reflecting diverging trajectories that underline their contrasting economic strategies. Both countries’ banking systems are at the forefront of global financial flows, but their approaches to regulation, innovation and international influence remain fundamentally different.
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